The Sloan Fellowship on Aging and Work, an interdisciplinary postdoctoral training program funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation from 2016–2022, addressed the challenges of aging societies and labor force participation. Sloan Postdoctoral Fellows on Aging and Work, along with associated Harvard faculty members, worked to address issues related to work and retirement by identifying the challenges of working longer, and the potential solutions to the ways in which the public and private sectors in the U.S. must adapt employment policies and practices to optimize both the economic well-being and health of the population.