Scale of Protective Factors (SPF)

Citation: Ponce-Garcia, E., Madewell, A. N., & Kennison, S. M. (2015). The development of the scale of protective factors: Resilience in a violent trauma sample. Violence and victims, 30(5), 735-755.

PMID or DOI: PMID: 26300467, DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-14-00163

Main positive psychological well-being construct measured: Protective factors

Sub-constructs measured: Social support, social skills, planning behavior, and goal efficacy

Available subscales: Social support, social skills, planning behavior, and goal efficacy

Description: The Scale of Protective Factors is a multidimensional measure of protective factors that are believed to contribute to resilience, based on prior empirical research. The measure incorporates both cognitive-individual protective factors (prioritizing and planning, and goal efficacy) as well as social-interpersonal protective factors (social support and social skills). Initially 35 items were assessed, retaining 24 items through empirical testing that captured the four factors.

Number of items: 24

Example statement/item: “I am confident in my ability to achieve goals”

Response options: 7-point scale ranging from 1=disagree completely to 7=completely agree

Total score: Responses are summed within each subscale and for the total measure.